SAVY Saturday, Week 2, Biology of the Body (5th-6th)
Welcome to Week 2 of the Biology of the Body
This week, students explored the respiratory system, focusing on the lungs and how tuberculosis affects not only this system but also the lymphatic, central nervous, and circulatory systems. Through an antibody immune experiment, they observed how bacteria enter the body by inhaling airborne particles. They learned that once inside, the immune system responds by sending white blood cells to the lungs to contain the bacteria. However, in some cases, the bacteria can evade the immune response and remain dormant, leading to latent tuberculosis. Students also discovered that tuberculosis is treatable with a combination of antibiotics, typically over a 6 to 9-month period. This hands-on exploration helped deepen their understanding of the body’s defense mechanisms and the importance of medical treatment in combating infectious diseases.
Our scholars had the opportunity to engage with Dr. Dontal Johnson of Meharry Medical College, who provided valuable insights into the disease, particularly in the field of pediatrics. Our time was spent discussing:
Symptoms of TB can vary depending on whether the infection is latent or active. In latent TB, the bacteria remain inactive and cause no symptoms. However, in active TB, symptoms may include a persistent cough, coughing up blood, chest pain, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and fatigue.
Transmission occurs through airborne droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. Children are particularly vulnerable to TB if they are in close contact with someone who has an active infection.
Diagnosis involves a combination of skin tests, blood tests, chest X-rays, and sputum tests to detect the presence of TB bacteria.
Treatment includes a course of about 4 antibiotics taken over several months.
Prevention strategies include vaccination with the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, especially in countries where TB is common. Additionally, ensuring good ventilation, wearing masks, and practicing good hygiene can help reduce the spread of TB.
Students also completed a pre-assessment questionnaire on the biology of tuberculosis, viewed a histology observation of a lung infected with tuberculosis, participated in an interactive simulation as medical lab technicians, and researched a case study of tuberculosis screening results.
Questions For Discussion:
- Which biological systems are affected by tuberculosis?
- How does tuberculosis enter the body and how does the body defend itself against infection?
- How do doctors treat tuberculosis? Is there a cure?
- What happens to patients who aren’t treated?
Some Insights To Further Review:
https://youtu.be/uxKoLtL_n3w?si=nr9si9JEwJyo06gT
https://youtu.be/202hkf43HXQ?si=nCjdk_T4IiCtVqg-
Medical Lab Technician | Kids Work | Knowitall.org
Additional Resources for Further Research
tuberculosis – Students | Britannica Kids | Homework Help
Tuberculosis in Children | Tuberculosis (TB) | CDC
Next week, the course will conclude with a Health Department Action Plan, a virtual field trip to the Amazon Pharmacy, and continued reflection on Dr. Johnson’s insights from this week.
We look forward to further exploring this topic and assisting students in developing a comprehensive understanding of systems and the impact of tuberculosis. Stay curious and engaged!
Best regards,
Tiffani S. Norman